The Middle East, a region of vast cultural, historical, and religious significance, offers travelers an extraordinary experience that spans millennia of civilization. From the towering skyscrapers of Dubai to the ancient wonders of Egypt and the stunning desert landscapes of Jordan, this region is a blend of old and new, tradition and innovation. Whether you’re a history enthusiast, an adventure seeker, or a culture lover, the Middle East has something for everyone.
In this expanded guide, we dive deeper into the top destinations, cultural insights, tips for traveling, and essential details to help you make the most of your trip to the Middle East.
Why Visit the Middle East?
The Middle East holds a prominent place in the world’s history. As the birthplace of many ancient civilizations, including the Egyptians, Mesopotamians, and Persians, the region offers a plethora of archaeological wonders. From the sacred cities of Islam, Christianity, and Judaism to the modern marvels of the 21st century, the Middle East is a place where time seems to blend seamlessly from the past to the present.
The Middle East has always been a center of trade, culture, and learning. Its diverse people, languages, and traditions make it an ideal destination for travelers looking for an enriching experience. Whether you’re wandering through ancient ruins, relaxing on a Mediterranean beach, or enjoying the cutting-edge luxury of cities like Dubai, the Middle East offers experiences that you won’t find anywhere else.
Top Destinations in the Middle East
1. Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE)
Dubai is the region’s most famous and cosmopolitan city, known for its ultra-modern architecture, luxury shopping malls, and world-class entertainment. As one of the most popular travel destinations in the world, Dubai offers something for every type of traveler.
- Iconic Attractions: The towering Burj Khalifa, the tallest building in the world, is the ultimate symbol of Dubai’s architectural achievements. A trip to the top offers stunning views of the city and the surrounding desert. Nearby, the Dubai Mall is home to hundreds of shops, restaurants, an ice rink, and an aquarium.
- Luxury and Shopping: Dubai is synonymous with luxury shopping, and the Dubai Mall is the perfect place for a high-end shopping spree. If you’re looking for something even more unique, explore the Gold Souk, where you’ll find intricate gold jewelry, or visit Mall of the Emirates for high-end brands and an indoor ski slope.
- Desert Safari and Beaches: Explore the desert with a thrilling 4×4 desert safari, followed by a BBQ dinner under the stars. If you’re more into beach relaxation, Dubai’s coastline boasts beautiful beaches like Jumeirah Beach, where visitors can unwind and take in the views of the iconic Burj Al Arab.
- Cultural Insights: For those interested in history and culture, the Dubai Museum housed in the Al Fahidi Fort showcases the city’s journey from a modest fishing village to a global metropolis. The Al Bastakiya Quarter offers a glimpse into old Dubai, with its narrow lanes, traditional wind towers, and art galleries.
2. Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE)
Abu Dhabi, the capital of the UAE, offers a more tranquil and cultural experience compared to Dubai, yet retains its modern charm.
- Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque: One of the largest mosques in the world, the Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque is an architectural marvel and a must-see for any visitor. Its white marble domes, stunning chandeliers, and 82 domes reflect Islamic artistry at its finest. It’s open to non-Muslim visitors, with guided tours available to explain the mosque’s significance.
- Louvre Abu Dhabi: A cultural icon, the Louvre Abu Dhabi is a museum that houses over 600 works of art and historical pieces from civilizations around the world. It’s an outstanding fusion of art, history, and architecture that appeals to lovers of culture and history.
- Saadiyat Island: This island is a cultural hotspot with museums, art galleries, and stunning beaches. You can also visit Yas Island, where the famous Ferrari World theme park offers thrilling rides and attractions.
- Desert Adventures: Abu Dhabi is known for its vast deserts, and you can embark on a desert safari that includes camel rides, dune bashing, and stargazing.
3. Cairo, Egypt
Cairo, Egypt’s sprawling capital, is a destination for history enthusiasts and culture lovers, offering a wealth of ancient sites and vibrant street life.
- The Great Pyramids of Giza: No visit to Cairo is complete without seeing the Great Pyramids of Giza and the Sphinx. These ancient wonders of the world are still awe-inspiring today, with their grandeur and mystery captivating millions of visitors each year. You can explore the inside of the pyramids or ride a camel around the complex for a more immersive experience.
- Egyptian Museum: The museum houses the world’s most extensive collection of Egyptian antiquities, including treasures from King Tutankhamun’s tomb and the mummies of Pharaohs.
- Nile River Cruise: Take a cruise down the Nile River, where you’ll experience Egypt’s countryside and visit ancient temples like those in Luxor and Aswan.
4. Petra, Jordan
Petra, the ancient city carved into the red sandstone cliffs of Jordan, is one of the most breathtaking and significant archaeological sites in the world.
- Al-Khazneh (The Treasury): The first view of Al-Khazneh, often referred to as the Treasury, is nothing short of spectacular. This monumental structure, carved directly into the rock, is a breathtaking testament to the skills of the Nabateans.
- The Siq: The narrow gorge that leads into Petra is called the Siq. As you walk through the Siq, the natural rock formations and colors change, and the site opens up to reveal Petra’s hidden treasures.
- Monastery and High Place of Sacrifice: The Monastery is a large, impressive structure carved into the rock that offers a panoramic view of Petra’s surrounding landscape. For an even more breathtaking view, hike to the High Place of Sacrifice for a unique perspective on the entire site.
5. Jerusalem, Israel
Jerusalem is one of the world’s oldest and holiest cities. It holds sacred significance for Christians, Jews, and Muslims alike, making it an essential stop for those interested in religious history and cultural exploration.
- Western Wall: The Western Wall, a sacred Jewish site, is a place of prayer and pilgrimage. Visitors can write a prayer on a piece of paper and insert it into the wall.
- Church of the Holy Sepulchre: The Church of the Holy Sepulchre is the site of Jesus’ crucifixion and burial, making it one of the most important Christian pilgrimage destinations in the world.
- Dome of the Rock: Located on the Temple Mount, the Dome of the Rock is an Islamic shrine that is significant to both Muslims and Jews.
- Old City: Jerusalem’s Old City is divided into four quarters: Jewish, Christian, Muslim, and Armenian. It is home to numerous holy sites, historic buildings, and bustling markets.
6. Doha, Qatar
Doha is a dynamic and rapidly growing city that blends tradition with modernity. It is an emerging cultural and economic hub in the Middle East.
- Museum of Islamic Art: Located on an island overlooking the Doha Corniche, the Museum of Islamic Art features an incredible collection of Islamic art, including textiles, manuscripts, and pottery from across the Muslim world.
- Souq Waqif: The traditional Souq Waqif market is a must-see. Here you can shop for everything from spices and perfumes to handicrafts, clothing, and jewelry.
- Doha Corniche: The waterfront promenade offers picturesque views of the city’s skyline and is a great place to relax and enjoy the scenery.
- Qatar National Museum: Designed by architect Jean Nouvel, the Qatar National Museum tells the story of Qatar’s history and heritage through modern exhibits.
7. Muscat, Oman
Muscat offers a peaceful and inviting atmosphere, along with stunning natural beauty. From beautiful beaches to ancient forts, Oman is a hidden gem of the Middle East.
- Sultan Qaboos Grand Mosque: One of the largest and most beautiful mosques in the Middle East, this mosque is a masterpiece of modern Islamic architecture. Its enormous prayer hall houses one of the largest hand-woven carpets in the world.
- Royal Opera House: The Royal Opera House Muscat is a stunning example of modern Omani architecture and is a venue for world-class performances in opera, ballet, and classical music.
- Muttrah Souq: This traditional market is perfect for shopping for souvenirs such as jewelry, spices, and perfumes. It’s a vibrant and colorful part of Muscat.
- Wahiba Sands: For desert adventure, visit Wahiba Sands, where you can experience camel trekking, dune bashing, and stay in traditional desert camps.
8. Cairo, Egypt
Egypt’s capital, Cairo, serves as the gateway to one of the most influential civilizations in world history. Beyond the famous pyramids and the Sphinx, Cairo is home to a rich collection of historical and cultural landmarks.
- Pyramids of Giza and the Sphinx: The Pyramids of Giza and the Great Sphinx are two of the most iconic sites in Egypt. These ancient structures were built as tombs for the pharaohs, showcasing the advanced knowledge of architecture and engineering that ancient Egyptians possessed. Visitors can explore the inside of the pyramids, take a camel ride around the complex, or visit the nearby Sphinx for photos.
- Egyptian Museum: Located in Tahrir Square, the Egyptian Museum houses over 120,000 artifacts, including treasures from the tomb of Tutankhamun. This museum is a must-visit for those interested in Egyptology, as it offers a glimpse into Egypt’s ancient past through its extensive collection of statues, mummies, and relics.
- Khan El Khalili Bazaar: One of Cairo’s oldest markets, the Khan El Khalili Bazaar is a labyrinth of narrow alleys, bustling with traders selling spices, jewelry, fabrics, and antiques. The market offers an authentic Egyptian experience, where you can haggle over prices and purchase unique souvenirs.
- Islamic Cairo: For history buffs, Islamic Cairo is a treasure trove of ancient mosques, fortresses, and fountains. Highlights include the Al-Azhar Mosque, Sultan Hassan Mosque, and the Citadel of Saladin. These structures give insight into Cairo’s Islamic heritage, showcasing medieval Islamic architecture at its finest.
9. Marrakech, Morocco
Marrakech is a bustling city that combines the best of traditional Moroccan culture with modern-day appeal. It is a place where the old and new world collide, offering a rich cultural experience that will stay with you long after you leave.
- Jemaa el-Fnaa Square: The heart of Marrakech, Jemaa el-Fnaa, is a lively and chaotic square filled with snake charmers, street performers, food vendors, and musicians. The energy of the square shifts throughout the day, with the evening turning into a vibrant food market where you can sample Moroccan street food like tagine, couscous, and mint tea.
- Koutoubia Mosque: The Koutoubia Mosque, with its stunning 70-meter-high minaret, is a landmark of Marrakech. Although non-Muslims cannot enter, the mosque’s grandeur is captivating from the outside, especially when lit up at night.
- Majorelle Garden: This tranquil, lush garden was designed by French painter Jacques Majorelle and later restored by designer Yves Saint Laurent. The garden features exotic plants, fountains, and vibrant blue buildings, making it an oasis of calm in the heart of the city.
- Palais Bahia: The Palais Bahia is a 19th-century palace known for its stunning architecture and beautiful courtyards. The palace features intricate tilework, painted ceilings, and stunning gardens.
10. Petra, Jordan
Petra, the ancient rose-red city carved into the mountains, is one of the Seven New Wonders of the World. This archaeological wonder is rich in history, and visitors will be awestruck by its beauty and ingenuity.
- Al-Khazneh (The Treasury): The Treasury is one of Petra’s most famous structures. Carved into the mountainside, it features intricate designs that have made it a popular subject for photographers and filmmakers alike. The grandeur of the building, set against the stunning backdrop of the desert, is an unforgettable sight.
- The Siq: The journey into Petra begins at the Siq, a narrow gorge that winds its way between towering sandstone cliffs. As you walk through the Siq, the surroundings change in color, and you begin to get a sense of the grandeur that lies ahead.
- Ad-Deir (The Monastery): The Monastery is a monumental structure carved into the mountainside, much like the Treasury. It requires a hike to reach, but the view from the top is breathtaking and offers a unique perspective of Petra.
- Petra by Night: Visiting Petra at night is an extraordinary experience. The path leading to the Treasury is lined with candles, creating an ethereal glow. As you reach the Treasury, the atmosphere is peaceful and magical, with a traditional Bedouin music performance to complete the experience.
11. Beirut, Lebanon
Lebanon’s capital, Beirut, is a city that blends a rich history with a modern, cosmopolitan vibe. Known for its vibrant culture, delicious food, and lively nightlife, Beirut is an exciting destination for travelers.
- National Museum of Beirut: The National Museum of Beirut is home to an extensive collection of artifacts from Lebanon’s long history. The museum showcases the art and culture of ancient Phoenician, Roman, and Byzantine civilizations.
- Raouche Rocks (Pigeon Rocks): One of Beirut’s most famous natural landmarks, Raouche Rocks, or Pigeon Rocks, is located in the Mediterranean Sea. The two massive rock formations are a popular spot for sunset views and a favorite of both locals and tourists.
- Sursock Museum: The Sursock Museum, located in the Achrafieh district, is a contemporary art museum housed in a beautiful mansion. The museum hosts rotating exhibits featuring Lebanese and international artists, showcasing the rich cultural heritage of Lebanon.
- Beirut Souks: Beirut’s central shopping district, the Beirut Souks, is a blend of modern malls and traditional markets. The souks offer a variety of high-end stores, local boutiques, and a range of restaurants, making it the ideal place to shop, dine, and explore.
Cultural Etiquette and Respect for Traditions
When traveling to the Middle East, it’s essential to be aware of the cultural norms and traditions that are deeply rooted in the region. The Middle East is home to various cultures, with Islam being the predominant religion. However, there are also sizable Christian and Jewish communities. Therefore, understanding cultural etiquette can enhance your experience and show respect to local customs. Here are some key considerations to keep in mind:
1. Dress Modestly
In many parts of the Middle East, modest clothing is highly valued. While cities like Dubai and Doha are more liberal, it is still important to dress conservatively, especially in more traditional places. Women, in particular, should avoid wearing overly revealing outfits, especially in religious or rural areas. For men, it’s important to cover shoulders and avoid wearing shorts in public places like mosques or traditional markets.
2. Greeting and Respecting Elders
Greetings in the Middle East can be more formal than in Western cultures. It’s common to greet people with “As-salamu alaykum” (Peace be upon you), followed by a handshake. However, do be cautious as some Muslim men and women prefer not to shake hands with people of the opposite gender. It’s respectful to wait for the other person to extend their hand first. Furthermore, always show respect to elders, as they are highly revered in Middle Eastern cultures.
3. Public Behavior and Alcohol Consumption
In some parts of the Middle East, public displays of affection, such as hugging and kissing, are frowned upon. While alcohol is available in certain regions (like Dubai, Beirut, and Qatar), it is illegal or heavily restricted in others (like Saudi Arabia). Always check the local laws regarding alcohol consumption and ensure that you’re in designated areas where it’s permitted.
4. Observing Prayer Times
Islamic prayer is a significant part of daily life in many Middle Eastern countries. While traveling, you may notice the call to prayer being heard five times a day. During these times, businesses may temporarily close, particularly in more conservative cities. It’s essential to respect this practice, and visitors should refrain from loud behavior or entering mosques during prayer times unless they are invited.
Essential Travel Tips for the Middle East
When traveling to the Middle East, it’s helpful to have some practical information to ensure your trip goes smoothly. Here are some useful tips for your travels:
1. Currency and Payment Methods
Currency varies across the region, with the UAE Dirham (AED) in Dubai, Qatari Rial (QAR) in Doha, Egyptian Pound (EGP) in Cairo, and Jordanian Dinar (JOD) in Amman. Cash is commonly used in most Middle Eastern countries, though credit cards are widely accepted in major cities. However, when traveling in more rural or traditional areas, it’s wise to carry some local cash for small purchases.
2. Language
Arabic is the dominant language across the Middle East, with different dialects spoken in various countries. For example, in the UAE, a significant proportion of the population speaks English, and many signs are also in English, making it easier for tourists to navigate. However, knowing a few basic Arabic phrases like “Shukran” (thank you) or “Marhaba” (hello) can be helpful and appreciated by locals.
3. Transportation
While taxis are available in major cities, ride-hailing apps like Uber and Careem are widely used in places like Dubai and Cairo. For intercity travel, many cities have well-established bus and metro systems, such as in Cairo, Dubai, and Riyadh. In more rural areas, renting a car is a popular choice, though be aware that driving can be challenging in some areas due to traffic and road conditions.
For those visiting multiple countries in the region, flying is often the most efficient way to travel between major cities, as airlines like Emirates, Qatar Airways, and Royal Jordanian offer excellent service across the Middle East.
4. Internet and Connectivity
Wi-Fi is readily available in most hotels, restaurants, and cafes across the Middle East. SIM cards are easy to purchase for tourists, and you can often get a local number with data for a reasonable price. Some areas in the Middle East, particularly in more conservative countries, may have internet restrictions on certain websites (such as social media platforms). It’s a good idea to check for any internet restrictions before your trip.
Cuisine of the Middle East: A Culinary Adventure
Food is an essential part of the Middle Eastern experience. The region’s cuisine is incredibly diverse, offering a mix of traditional and modern flavors, with influences from Persian, Turkish, Arabic, and Mediterranean traditions. Here are some dishes you must try while in the Middle East:
1. Shawarma
One of the most iconic street foods in the Middle East, shawarma consists of seasoned meat (often lamb, chicken, or beef) that is slow-cooked on a vertical rotisserie. It’s served in a pita or flatbread with fresh vegetables, pickles, and creamy tahini or garlic sauce.
2. Hummus and Falafel
A classic combination, hummus is a creamy dip made from blended chickpeas, tahini, olive oil, garlic, and lemon. It’s often served with falafel, deep-fried balls of ground chickpeas, herbs, and spices. Both dishes are staples in Middle Eastern cuisine and are perfect for sharing as part of a mezze platter.
3. Kebabs
Grilled skewers of marinated meat, known as kebabs, are popular throughout the Middle East. They can be made from lamb, beef, or chicken, and are often paired with flatbread or rice and a side of grilled vegetables.
4. Mansaf
This traditional Jordanian dish consists of lamb cooked in a yogurt-based sauce and served over rice or bulgur. It’s often garnished with almonds and pine nuts. Mansaf holds cultural significance and is considered a symbol of hospitality in Jordan.
5. Baklava
For dessert, try baklava, a sweet pastry made of layers of filo dough, honey, and nuts. It’s commonly enjoyed in many Middle Eastern countries, and each country has its own twist on the classic recipe.
Adventure and Nature in the Middle East
While the Middle East is often associated with its ancient cities and cultural landmarks, it’s also home to diverse natural landscapes that offer plenty of opportunities for adventure and exploration.
1. The Wadi Rum Desert, Jordan
Wadi Rum, also known as the Valley of the Moon, is a protected desert wilderness in southern Jordan. The dramatic red sandstone mountains, vast sand dunes, and ancient rock carvings make Wadi Rum a popular destination for trekkers, climbers, and nature lovers. Camel treks, 4×4 safaris, and star-gazing experiences are highlights of a visit here.
2. The Empty Quarter (Rub’ al Khali), Saudi Arabia
The Rub’ al Khali, or Empty Quarter, is the largest continuous sand desert in the world. Spanning parts of Saudi Arabia, Oman, the UAE, and Yemen, it offers an unparalleled experience of vast, untouched sand dunes. Adventurous travelers can experience desert camping, camel rides, and photography of the stunning desert landscape.
3. The Dead Sea, Jordan/Israel
The Dead Sea is a unique saltwater lake that borders Jordan and Israel. Due to the high salt concentration, the water allows visitors to float effortlessly, providing a unique and relaxing experience. The mud from the Dead Sea is also renowned for its skin-healing properties, and many visitors take advantage of the natural spa treatments available at the resort towns.
4. Sinai Peninsula, Egypt
The Sinai Peninsula offers some of Egypt’s most stunning landscapes, including the towering peaks of Mount Sinai and beautiful coastal areas along the Red Sea. Trekking to the summit of Mount Sinai, where Moses is said to have received the Ten Commandments, is a popular pilgrimage and adventure activity. The Red Sea also boasts world-class scuba diving opportunities at Sharm El Sheikh and Dahab.
Final Thoughts
The Middle East is a region of contrasts – modern cities rise alongside ancient ruins, and vibrant cultures are steeped in centuries of tradition. Whether you’re exploring the rich history of Egypt, admiring the futuristic skyline of Dubai, or wandering through the ancient city of Petra, the Middle East offers an unforgettable experience. With a mix of cultural, historical, natural, and luxurious experiences, it is a destination that promises to leave you with memories to last a lifetime.
Conclusion
The Middle East is an extraordinary destination that blends ancient history with cutting-edge modernity, offering a diverse range of experiences for travelers. From the towering skyscrapers of Dubai to the ancient ruins of Petra, the region boasts some of the world’s most iconic landmarks, vibrant cultures, and unique cuisines. Whether you’re exploring religious sites, indulging in luxury shopping, or savoring traditional Middle Eastern cuisine, the Middle East offers an unforgettable travel experience. Make sure to plan ahead, respect local customs, and take the time to immerse yourself in the history and beauty of this fascinating region.
FAQs:
- What is the best time to visit the Middle East?
The best time to visit the Middle East is typically from October to April when the weather is cooler and more pleasant. This is especially true for countries with extreme desert climates, like the United Arab Emirates, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia. The summer months can get extremely hot, making outdoor activities challenging. - What are the must-see attractions in Dubai?
Dubai offers several world-famous attractions, including:- Burj Khalifa: The tallest building in the world.
- The Palm Jumeirah: An artificial island home to luxury hotels and resorts.
- Dubai Mall: One of the largest shopping centers globally, complete with an aquarium, ice rink, and more.
- Dubai Fountain: A stunning water and light show at the base of the Burj Khalifa.
- Dubai Museum: Showcasing the city’s cultural history.
- Dubai Creek: The historical heart of the city.
- How can I explore the ancient history of the Middle East?
To explore the ancient history of the Middle East, you can visit renowned archaeological sites like:- Petra in Jordan, an ancient city carved into rose-red cliffs.
- The Pyramids of Giza in Egypt, a world wonder.
- The Sphinx in Egypt, offering insight into ancient Egyptian culture.
- The Ancient City of Babylon in Iraq, known for its monumental structures.
- The ruins of Persepolis in Iran, showcasing the ancient Persian Empire.
- Is it safe to travel to the Middle East?
While the Middle East is generally safe for tourists, safety can vary depending on the country or region. Areas like the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, and Oman are known for being very safe with low crime rates. However, some regions, such as parts of Syria, Iraq, and Yemen, may not be suitable for travel due to ongoing conflicts. Always check travel advisories from your government before planning your visit. - What are the cultural etiquette tips when visiting the Middle East?
- Dress conservatively: Both men and women should dress modestly, particularly in more traditional areas.
- Respect religious practices: During Ramadan, avoid eating, drinking, or smoking in public during daylight hours.
- Greetings: A handshake is common, but wait for the other person to initiate it. If you’re greeting someone of the opposite gender, wait for them to extend their hand.
- Photography: Always ask before taking photos of people, especially in religious or private settings.
- Public displays of affection: Avoid public displays of affection in most Middle Eastern countries.
- How can I travel between cities in the Middle East?
The Middle East is well-connected by air, with major cities like Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Cairo, Amman, and Doha having regular flights between them. Train services are also available in some countries, particularly Turkey and Iran. Buses are a popular and affordable option for traveling between cities, while private taxis or rented cars offer more flexibility and comfort. - What should I pack for a trip to the Middle East?
- Lightweight, breathable clothing for hot weather, but make sure to dress modestly.
- Sunscreen, hats, and sunglasses to protect against the strong sun.
- Comfortable walking shoes for exploring historical sites and cities.
- A scarf or shawl for visiting religious sites, especially in conservative countries.
- Adapters for the electrical outlets in the region (often Type C, D, or G).
- A small first aid kit, including medications for heat-related issues like dehydration or sunburn.
- What is the significance of Petra in Jordan?
Petra is one of the most famous archaeological sites in the world and was once the thriving capital of the Nabataean Kingdom. Known for its rock-cut architecture and water management system, Petra was an important trading hub in ancient times. Its iconic structures, such as the Al-Khazneh (Treasury), and its location along historic trade routes, make it a key site for understanding the ancient civilizations of the Middle East. - How do I explore the desert landscapes of the Middle East?
To experience the desert landscapes of the Middle East, you can take part in various desert activities, such as:- Camel treks: Ride through the desert for a truly authentic experience.
- 4×4 desert safaris: Explore the vast dunes of Wadi Rum in Jordan or Rub’ al Khali in Saudi Arabia.
- Overnight desert camps: Stay in luxurious or traditional Bedouin tents under the stars.
- Sandboarding: Slide down the towering dunes in countries like the UAE and Oman.
- What are the top beaches in the Middle East?
- Jumeirah Beach (Dubai, UAE): A world-class beach offering views of the Burj Al Arab and plenty of amenities.
- Sharm El Sheikh (Egypt): Famous for its clear waters, vibrant coral reefs, and excellent diving spots in the Red Sea.
- Muscat Beaches (Oman): Beautiful, pristine beaches with crystal-clear water and a serene atmosphere.
- Bahrain’s Beaches: Enjoy relaxing on the white sandy beaches, with the Al Dar Islands offering some of the best spots for sunbathing and water sports.
- Aqaba Beach (Jordan): A beautiful beach on the Red Sea, ideal for snorkeling and diving.